Murthy was born and raised in Shidlaghatta, Karnataka. He graduated from National Institute of Engineering, University of Mysore with a academic degree in engineering and a master's from the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur.
Before starting Infosys, Murthy worked with Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad as chief systems programmer, and Patni Computer Systems in Pune (Maharashtra). He started Infosys in 1981 and was its CEO from 1981 to 2002, and chairman from 2002 to 2011. In 2011, he stepped down from the board and have become chairman emeritus. In June 2013, Murthy was appointed as executive chairman for a period of 5 years.
Murthy has been listed among the 12 greatest entrepreneurs of our time by Fortune magazine. He has been described because the "father of the Indian IT sector" by Time magazine thanks to his contribution to outsourcing in India.[ Murthy has been honoured with the Padma Vibhushan and Padma Shri awards. he's the father-in-law of Rishi Sunak, British MP and Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Murthy first served as Research Associate under a school at IIM Ahmedabad and so later served as chief systems programmer There he worked on India's first time-sharing computing system and designed and implemented a BASIC interpreter for Electronics Corporation of India Limited. He started a corporation named Softronics. When that company failed after a few year and a half, he joined Patni Computer Systems in Pune.
Murthy and 6 software professionals founded Infosys in 1981 with an initial capital injection of Rs 10,000, which was provided by his wife Sudha Murthy. Murthy served because the CEO of Infosys for 21 years from 1981 to 2002 and was succeeded by co-founder Nandan Nilekani. At Infosys he articulated, designed and implemented the world Delivery Model for IT services outsourcing from India. He was chairman of the board from 2002 to 2006, after which he became Chairman of the board and Chief Mentor. In August 2011, he retired from the corporate, taking the title chairman Emeritus.
Murthy is an independent director on the company board of HSBC and has served as a director on the boards of DBS Bank, Unilever, ICICI and NDTV. He also is a member of the advisory boards and councils of several educational and philanthropic institutions, including university, INSEAD, ESSEC, Ford Foundation, the UN Foundation, the Indo-British Partnership, Asian Institute of Management, a trustee of the Infosys Prize, a trustee of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, and as a trustee of the Rhodes Trust. he's also Chairman of the board of Public Health Foundation of India. He serves on the Asia Pacific planning board of British Telecommunications. In 2005 he co-chaired the planet Economic Forum in Davos.
On 1 June 2013, Murthy returned to Infosys as Executive chairman and extra Director. On 12 June 2014 it had been announced that Murthy would step down as Executive chairman effective 14 June. He would continue as Non-Executive chairman until 10 October. On 11 October, Murthy was to be designated as chairman Emeritus.
Murthy also serves on the strategic board which advises the national business firm, Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas, on strategic, policy and governance issues. he's also member of IESE's International board (IAB).
In 2016, Murthy spoke with Harvard Business Review Ascend on the topic of "How To Be a stronger Manager", where he shared tips that he has learned from his own life.
In 2017, Murthy raised concerns over alleged corporate governance lapses at Infosys, however the corporate went on to deny these claims.
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