Stephen William Hawking was born on 8th January 1942 and died
on 14th March 2018. London:The famous physics
professor Stephen William Hawking has warned that mankind is facing the foremost
dangerous time in it's history today.He said that the earth today is facing huge challenges like natural process, overpopulation, epidemic diseases.'We have the technology
to destroy the planet on which we live and haven't yet developed the flexibleness to escape it.Perhaps during some hundred years from now,we will have built colonies amid
the celebrities,but directly,we have only one planet which we must work together to shield it'.Hawking wrote
recently within the Guardian newspaper.
Hawking died at his target Cambridge, England, on 14 March 2018, at the age of 76. His family stated that he "died peacefully". He was eulogised by figures in science, entertainment, politics, and other areas. The Gonville and Caius College flag flew at half-mast and a book of condolences was signed by students and visitors. A tribute was made to Hawking within the closing speech by IPC President Andrew Parsons at the closing ceremony of the 2018 Paralympic Winter Games in Pyeongchang, Asian nation.
His private funeral occurred at 2 pm on the afternoon of 31 March 2018, at Great St Mary's Church, Cambridge. Guests at the funeral included the concept of Everything actors Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones, Queen guitarist and astrophysicist Brian May, and model Lily Cole. additionally, actor Benedict Cumberbatch, who played Hawking in Hawking, astronaut Tim Peake, Astronomer Royal Martin Rees and physicist Kip Thorne provided readings at the service. Although Hawking was an atheist the funeral befell with a typical Anglican service. Following the cremation, a service of thanksgiving was held at minster on 15 June 2018, after which his ashes were interred within the Abbey's nave, between the graves of Sir Newton and naturalist.
Inscribed on his memorial stone are the words "Here lies what was mortal of Hawking 1942–2018" and his most famed equation. He directed, a minimum of fifteen years before his death, that the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy equation be his epitaph. In June 2018, it had been announced that Hawking's words, set to music by Greek composer Vangelis, would be beamed into space from a ecu space agency satellite dish in Spain with the aim of reaching the closest region, 1A 0620-00.
Hawking died at his target Cambridge, England, on 14 March 2018, at the age of 76. His family stated that he "died peacefully". He was eulogised by figures in science, entertainment, politics, and other areas. The Gonville and Caius College flag flew at half-mast and a book of condolences was signed by students and visitors. A tribute was made to Hawking within the closing speech by IPC President Andrew Parsons at the closing ceremony of the 2018 Paralympic Winter Games in Pyeongchang, Asian nation.
His private funeral occurred at 2 pm on the afternoon of 31 March 2018, at Great St Mary's Church, Cambridge. Guests at the funeral included the concept of Everything actors Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones, Queen guitarist and astrophysicist Brian May, and model Lily Cole. additionally, actor Benedict Cumberbatch, who played Hawking in Hawking, astronaut Tim Peake, Astronomer Royal Martin Rees and physicist Kip Thorne provided readings at the service. Although Hawking was an atheist the funeral befell with a typical Anglican service. Following the cremation, a service of thanksgiving was held at minster on 15 June 2018, after which his ashes were interred within the Abbey's nave, between the graves of Sir Newton and naturalist.
Inscribed on his memorial stone are the words "Here lies what was mortal of Hawking 1942–2018" and his most famed equation. He directed, a minimum of fifteen years before his death, that the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy equation be his epitaph. In June 2018, it had been announced that Hawking's words, set to music by Greek composer Vangelis, would be beamed into space from a ecu space agency satellite dish in Spain with the aim of reaching the closest region, 1A 0620-00.
Hawking was born on 8 January 1942 in Oxford to
Frank (1905–1986) and Isobel Eileen Hawking.
Hawking's mother was born into a family of doctors
in Glasgow, Scotland. His wealthy paternal
great-grandfather, from Yorkshire, over-extended
himself buying farm land then went bankrupt within the great agricultural depression
during the first 20th century. His paternal
great-grandmother saved the family from insolvency by opening a college in their home. Despite their families'
financial constraints, both parents attended the
University of Oxford, where Frank read medicine
and Isobel read Philosophy, Politics and
Economics. Isobel worked as a secretary for a
medical research institute, and Frank was a
medical researcher. Hawking had two younger
sisters, Philippa and Mary, and an adopted
brother, Edward Frank David (1955–2003).
In 1950, when Hawking's father became head of the division of parasitology at the National Institute for Medical Research, the family moved to St Albans, Hertfordshire.[35][36] In St Albans, the family was considered very smart and somewhat eccentric;[35][37] meals were often spent with every person silently reading a book.[35] They lived a frugal existence in a very large, cluttered, and poorly maintained house and travelled in an exceedingly converted London taxicab.[38][39] During one in all Hawking's father's frequent absences working in Africa,[40] the remainder of the family spent four months in Majorca visiting his mother's friend Beryl and her husband, the poet Robert Graves.[41]
Primary and lycee years
Hawking began his schooling at the Byron House School in Highgate, London. He later blamed its "progressive methods" for his failure to be told to read while at the varsity.[42][35] In St Albans, the eight-year-old Hawking attended St Albans highschool for ladies for some months. At that point, younger boys could attend one among the homes.[41][43]
Hawking attended two independent (i.e. fee-paying) schools, first Radlett School[43] and from September 1952, St Albans School,[25][44] after passing the eleven-plus a year early.[45] The family placed a high value on education.[35] Hawking's father wanted his son to attend the well-regarded Westminster School, but the 13-year-old Hawking was ill on the day of the scholarship examination. A positive consequence was that Hawking remained near a bunch of friends with whom he enjoyed board games, the manufacture of fireworks, model aeroplanes and boats,[48] and long discussions about Christianity and clairvoyance.[49] From 1958 on, with the assistance of the math teacher Dikran Tahta, they built a computer from clock parts, an old telephone switchboard and other recycled components.[50][51]
Although known in class as "Einstein", Hawking wasn't initially successful academically. Hawking's father advised him to check medicine, concerned that there have been few jobs for mathematics graduates.[56] He also wanted his son to attend University College, Oxford, his own school. because it wasn't possible to read mathematics there at the time, Hawking decided to check physics and chemistry. Despite his headmaster's advice to attend until the following year, Hawking was awarded a scholarship after taking the examinations in March 1959.
Hawking began his university education at University College, Oxford,[25] in October 1959 at the age of 17. His physics tutor, Robert Berman, later said, "It was only necessary for him to grasp that something may well be done, and he could fuck without looking to work out how others did it."[4] A change occurred during his second and third year when, in line with Berman, Hawking made more of an attempt "to be one among the boys". He developed into a preferred, lively and witty college member, inquisitive about music genre and phantasy.[59] a part of the transformation resulted from his decision to affix the school society, the University College society, where he coxed a rowing crew.[62][63] The rowing coach at the time noted that Hawking cultivated a daredevil image, steering his crew on risky courses that led to damaged boats.[62][64] Hawking estimated that he studied about 1,000 hours during his three years at Oxford. These unimpressive study habits made sitting his finals a challenge, and he decided to answer only the oretical physics questions instead of those requiring factual knowledge. A first-class academic degree was a condition of acceptance for his planned graduate study in cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Anxious, he slept poorly the night before the examinations, and also the end result was on the borderline between first- and second-class honours, making a viva (oral examination) with the Oxford examiners necessary.
Hawking was concerned that he was viewed as a lazy and difficult student. So, when asked at the viva to explain his plans, he said, "If you award me a primary, i'll move to Cambridge. If I receive a Second, I shall stay in Oxford, so I expect you may give me a primary."He was held in higher regard than he believed; as Berman commented, the examiners "were intelligent enough to understand they were rebuke someone far cleverer than most of themselves". After receiving a first-class BA (Hons.) degree in physics and completing a visit to Iran with a devotee, he began his graduate work Trinity Hall, Cambridge, in October 1962.
Hawking's first year as a doctoral student was difficult. He was initially disappointed to seek out that he had been assigned Dennis William Sciama, one among the founders of recent cosmology, as a supervisor instead of noted Yorkshire astronomer Fred Hoyle, and he found his training in mathematics inadequate for add general relativity theory and cosmology. After being diagnosed with motor neurone disease, Hawking fell into a depression – though his doctors advised that he continue along with his studies, he felt there was little point. His disease progressed more slowly than doctors had predicted. Although Hawking had difficulty walking unsupported, and his speech was almost unintelligible, an initial diagnosis that he had only two years to measure proved unfounded. With Sciama's encouragement, he returned to his work. Hawking started developing a reputation for brilliance and brashness when he publicly challenged the work of Sir Fred Hoyle and his student Jayant Narlikar at a lecture in June 1964.
In 1950, when Hawking's father became head of the division of parasitology at the National Institute for Medical Research, the family moved to St Albans, Hertfordshire.[35][36] In St Albans, the family was considered very smart and somewhat eccentric;[35][37] meals were often spent with every person silently reading a book.[35] They lived a frugal existence in a very large, cluttered, and poorly maintained house and travelled in an exceedingly converted London taxicab.[38][39] During one in all Hawking's father's frequent absences working in Africa,[40] the remainder of the family spent four months in Majorca visiting his mother's friend Beryl and her husband, the poet Robert Graves.[41]
Primary and lycee years
Hawking began his schooling at the Byron House School in Highgate, London. He later blamed its "progressive methods" for his failure to be told to read while at the varsity.[42][35] In St Albans, the eight-year-old Hawking attended St Albans highschool for ladies for some months. At that point, younger boys could attend one among the homes.[41][43]
Hawking attended two independent (i.e. fee-paying) schools, first Radlett School[43] and from September 1952, St Albans School,[25][44] after passing the eleven-plus a year early.[45] The family placed a high value on education.[35] Hawking's father wanted his son to attend the well-regarded Westminster School, but the 13-year-old Hawking was ill on the day of the scholarship examination. A positive consequence was that Hawking remained near a bunch of friends with whom he enjoyed board games, the manufacture of fireworks, model aeroplanes and boats,[48] and long discussions about Christianity and clairvoyance.[49] From 1958 on, with the assistance of the math teacher Dikran Tahta, they built a computer from clock parts, an old telephone switchboard and other recycled components.[50][51]
Although known in class as "Einstein", Hawking wasn't initially successful academically. Hawking's father advised him to check medicine, concerned that there have been few jobs for mathematics graduates.[56] He also wanted his son to attend University College, Oxford, his own school. because it wasn't possible to read mathematics there at the time, Hawking decided to check physics and chemistry. Despite his headmaster's advice to attend until the following year, Hawking was awarded a scholarship after taking the examinations in March 1959.
Hawking began his university education at University College, Oxford,[25] in October 1959 at the age of 17. His physics tutor, Robert Berman, later said, "It was only necessary for him to grasp that something may well be done, and he could fuck without looking to work out how others did it."[4] A change occurred during his second and third year when, in line with Berman, Hawking made more of an attempt "to be one among the boys". He developed into a preferred, lively and witty college member, inquisitive about music genre and phantasy.[59] a part of the transformation resulted from his decision to affix the school society, the University College society, where he coxed a rowing crew.[62][63] The rowing coach at the time noted that Hawking cultivated a daredevil image, steering his crew on risky courses that led to damaged boats.[62][64] Hawking estimated that he studied about 1,000 hours during his three years at Oxford. These unimpressive study habits made sitting his finals a challenge, and he decided to answer only the oretical physics questions instead of those requiring factual knowledge. A first-class academic degree was a condition of acceptance for his planned graduate study in cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Anxious, he slept poorly the night before the examinations, and also the end result was on the borderline between first- and second-class honours, making a viva (oral examination) with the Oxford examiners necessary.
Hawking was concerned that he was viewed as a lazy and difficult student. So, when asked at the viva to explain his plans, he said, "If you award me a primary, i'll move to Cambridge. If I receive a Second, I shall stay in Oxford, so I expect you may give me a primary."He was held in higher regard than he believed; as Berman commented, the examiners "were intelligent enough to understand they were rebuke someone far cleverer than most of themselves". After receiving a first-class BA (Hons.) degree in physics and completing a visit to Iran with a devotee, he began his graduate work Trinity Hall, Cambridge, in October 1962.
Hawking's first year as a doctoral student was difficult. He was initially disappointed to seek out that he had been assigned Dennis William Sciama, one among the founders of recent cosmology, as a supervisor instead of noted Yorkshire astronomer Fred Hoyle, and he found his training in mathematics inadequate for add general relativity theory and cosmology. After being diagnosed with motor neurone disease, Hawking fell into a depression – though his doctors advised that he continue along with his studies, he felt there was little point. His disease progressed more slowly than doctors had predicted. Although Hawking had difficulty walking unsupported, and his speech was almost unintelligible, an initial diagnosis that he had only two years to measure proved unfounded. With Sciama's encouragement, he returned to his work. Hawking started developing a reputation for brilliance and brashness when he publicly challenged the work of Sir Fred Hoyle and his student Jayant Narlikar at a lecture in June 1964.
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